HKSM
Epic
A substantial initiative that is too large for a single iteration and is decomposed into several user stories or features.
Key Points
- Represents a high-level outcome or capability that delivers business value.
- Spans multiple sprints and requires progressive elaboration and refinement.
- Is broken down into smaller user stories or features during backlog refinement.
- Completion is achieved when all associated stories meet their acceptance criteria and definition of done.
Example
On an e-commerce project, an Epic called "International Checkout" could be split into stories for currency conversion, address validation, tax calculation, shipping options, and localized translations.
PMP Example Question
During backlog refinement, the team identifies a capability that will take several iterations to deliver. What should the product owner do?
- Create an Epic and split it into prioritized user stories with stakeholder input.
- Extend the sprint length so the team can complete it in one iteration.
- Assign the entire work item to a single developer to maintain continuity.
- Defer the item until release planning is complete.
Correct Answer: A — Create an Epic and decompose it into user stories
Explanation: Work that is too large for one iteration should be managed as an Epic and broken down into smaller, prioritized stories.
