Specification By Example (SBE)

A team-based way to discover and describe requirements and business-focused functional tests by capturing concrete, real-world examples instead of vague, abstract statements.

Key Points

  • Stakeholders, product owners, developers, and testers collaborate to build a shared understanding.
  • Concrete examples are turned into acceptance criteria and often automated tests.
  • Using real cases reduces ambiguity, uncovers edge conditions, and cuts rework.
  • Creates living documentation and commonly aligns with BDD and Given-When-Then formats.

Example

An e-commerce team must implement a returns policy. They workshop examples with the business: "Item returned within 30 days with receipt: full refund," "31-60 days: store credit," "After 60 days: no refund." These examples become the acceptance criteria and automated tests for the returns feature, ensuring everyone shares the same understanding of the rules.

PMP Example Question

On an agile project, stakeholders are frequently confused by abstract requirements for pricing discounts. What technique should the team use to clarify expectations and derive acceptance tests?

  1. Specification By Example (SBE)
  2. Critical Path Method (CPM)
  3. Wideband Delphi
  4. Earned Value Management (EVM)

Correct Answer: A — Specification By Example (SBE)

Explanation: SBE uses concrete, real-world examples to define requirements and acceptance tests, reducing ambiguity and aligning stakeholders.

Agile Project Management & Scrum — With AI

Ship value sooner, cut busywork, and lead with confidence. Whether you’re new to Agile or scaling multiple teams, this course gives you a practical system to plan smarter, execute faster, and keep stakeholders aligned.

This isn’t theory—it’s a hands-on playbook for modern delivery. You’ll master Scrum roles, events, and artifacts; turn vision into a living roadmap; and use AI to refine backlogs, write clear user stories and acceptance criteria, forecast with velocity, and automate status updates and reports.

You’ll learn estimation, capacity and release planning, quality and risk management (including risk burndown), and Agile-friendly EVM—plus how to scale with Scrum of Scrums, LeSS, SAFe, and more. Downloadable templates and ready-to-use GPT prompts help you apply everything immediately.

Learn proven patterns from real projects and adopt workflows that reduce meetings, improve visibility, and boost throughput. Ready to level up your delivery and lead in the AI era? Enroll now and start building smarter sprints.



Lead with clarity, influence, and outcomes.

HK School of Management brings you a practical, no-fluff Leadership for Project Managers course—built for real projects, tight deadlines, and cross-functional teams. Learn to set direction, align stakeholders, and drive commitment without relying on title. For the price of a lunch, get proven playbooks, and downloadable templates. Backed by a 30-day money-back guarantee—zero risk, high impact.

Learn More