Value Stream Mapping

A Lean enterprise method to visualize, study, and enhance how information and materials move through the steps that create and deliver a product or service to the customer.

Key Points

  • Depicts the current and future state to expose waste, delays, and bottlenecks.
  • Spans the entire value delivery path across teams and functions.
  • Shows both information signals (requests, approvals) and work or material flow with wait times.
  • Guides continuous improvement by prioritizing changes with the greatest end-to-end impact.

Example

An agile program maps the flow from customer feature request to production release. The team records steps such as intake, backlog refinement, development, code review, testing, and deployment, along with wait times and rework. The map reveals long queues before testing and multiple handoffs. The team then designs a future-state map that introduces automated tests, limits WIP, and streamlines approvals to cut lead time.

PMP Example Question

An agile team wants to reduce lead time from request to release. They plan to capture the current end-to-end process, highlight wait times and handoffs, and design a leaner future workflow. Which technique should the project manager recommend?

  1. Value Stream Mapping
  2. RACI Matrix
  3. Pareto Chart
  4. Sprint Retrospective

Correct Answer: A - Value Stream Mapping

Explanation: Value Stream Mapping visualizes the flow of information and work across the entire delivery system to identify waste and define a future state. The other options do not map end-to-end flow.

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