Contract
A legally binding agreement in which the seller is required to deliver the agreed product, service, or result, and the buyer is required to provide payment.
Key Points
- Creates enforceable obligations for both buyer and seller.
- Defines scope, deliverables, price, schedule, and terms and conditions.
- Changes typically require formal change control and mutual agreement.
- Common types include fixed-price, cost-reimbursable, and time-and-materials.
Example
A company hires a vendor under a time-and-materials contract at USD 120/hour, not to exceed USD 150,000, to configure an ERP module. The vendor provides qualified consultants and invoices monthly based on approved timesheets, while any scope additions require a signed change order.
PMP Example Question
Which statement best describes a contract in a project context?
- An internal document that lists the project's cost baselines.
- A legal agreement where the seller must deliver defined work and the buyer must provide payment.
- A risk response plan created by the procurement department.
- A nonbinding memorandum used to explore potential partnerships.
Correct Answer: B — A legal agreement where the seller delivers defined work and the buyer pays for it
Explanation: A contract creates enforceable obligations for delivery and payment, unlike internal plans or nonbinding documents.