Histogram

A bar chart that shows how often numeric values fall within continuous ranges (bins), revealing the distribution of the data.

Key Points

  • Displays frequency of numerical data grouped into intervals (bins).
  • Bars are adjacent to indicate continuous ranges, not separate categories.
  • Helps detect shape, spread, central tendency, and outliers in the data.
  • Common in quality management to analyze process variation and performance.

Example

A project manager collects cycle times for 150 service tickets and builds a histogram to see how the times are distributed, identify long-tail delays, and set realistic SLAs.

PMP Example Question

Which tool should a project manager use to visualize how frequently defect counts fall within specific ranges for each production batch?

  1. Histogram
  2. Pareto chart
  3. Control chart
  4. Scatter diagram

Correct Answer: A — Histogram

Explanation: A histogram is a bar chart that shows the frequency distribution of numerical data across intervals, which fits the need to see how often defect counts fall within ranges.

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