HKSM

The set of processes that watch and measure project work, compare results to the plan, control performance, determine where plan changes are needed, and carry out approved updates.

Key Points

• Runs throughout the project to observe results and spot variances early.
• Compares actual performance to scope, schedule, cost, and quality baselines using defined metrics.
• Manages changes via integrated change control so only approved changes are implemented.
• Produces corrective and preventive actions, updates to plans and documents, and performance reports.

Example

On a website redesign project, weekly metrics show pages delivered are behind the plan. The project manager reviews earned value data, identifies the schedule variance, submits a change request to re-sequence tasks and add a tester, gets approval through change control, updates the schedule baseline, and tracks whether the corrective action recovers the delay.

PMP Example Question

During execution, the team discovers a cost overrun and quality defects. Which action best represents the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group?

1. Develop the project charter and business case.
2. Direct and manage project work without updating baselines.
3. Measure actual results against the plan, evaluate variances, and implement only approved changes.
4. Obtain final acceptance and archive records.

Correct Answer: C — Measure performance and implement approved changes

Explanation: Monitoring and controlling focuses on comparing results to baselines, identifying needed changes, and applying those changes through formal change control.