HKSM
Design of Experiments (DOE)
A statistical method used to determine which factors meaningfully influence project results and to quantify their effects.
Key Points
- Plans structured tests that vary inputs to observe their impact on outputs.
- Assesses both main effects and interactions among multiple factors.
- Finds optimal settings with fewer trials than changing one variable at a time.
- Supports data-driven decisions for quality, schedule, and cost outcomes.
Example
A software project manager runs a 2x2x2 DOE across three sprints to test build frequency (daily vs. twice daily), automated test coverage (70% vs. 90%), and code review policy (optional vs. mandatory). Analysis shows a strong interaction between test coverage and review policy, so the team adopts 90% coverage with mandatory reviews to reduce escaped defects.
PMP Example Question
Which technique should a project manager use to test several variables at once and understand both their individual and interaction effects on cycle time?
- Design of Experiments (DOE)
- Monte Carlo simulation
- Pareto analysis
- Control chart
Correct Answer: A - Design of Experiments (DOE)
Explanation: DOE systematically varies multiple factors to measure their main and interaction effects on an outcome, which is not the purpose of the other options.
